A study of reduction of pollution and fuel consumption for locomotive engine optimizing to investment

Abstract

Presently, the rail transit system plays a major role in the commercial world that they currently use diesel engine not only causing to a lot of fuel consumption but also generating numerously pollution. Therefore, this project aims to study the break-even point of investment under comparison of brake specific fuel consumption and pollution of locomotive engines. By experimental works, there are 3 types of locomotive engine: Pielstick, M.T.U. and Caterpillar, which are the difference of the combustion chamber and the fuel injection systems. The simulation load on the static tests (Dynamometer) was used following the regulation characteristic curve which is standard of State Railway of Thailand. As a result of testing, the engine using common rail type of fuel injection system, M.T.U., was the lowest brake specific fuel consumption at all of engine by the average of all engine speed 206 g/kW-h of brake specific fuel consumption. It is lower than Caterpillar (Semi common rail with direct injection) which is 314 g/kW-h equivalent 34.39 % while Pielstick engine, a mechanism fuel injection system, is 389 g/kW-h equivalent 47.04 % For pollution area, there are Hydrocarbon (HC), Nitrogen Oxide (NOX), and black smut. The engine with direct injection system relieved the previous substance less than the pre-combustion engine. Moreover, the compound of carbon monoxide (CO) was found that the pre-combustion engine (Pielstick) discharged carbon monoxide (CO) less than the direct injection engine (Caterpillar) whereas the common rail engine emancipated same substan cenear by with the pre-combustion engine (Pielstick). However, the new technology of the engines is high maintenance costs. Therefore, a number of applications have to be needed to make a quantitative value for the investment.