Correlation of the distribution of pesticide residues in rice farming and contaminated levels in rice grain

Abstract

The effect of pesticides on farmers and the distribution of residual pesticides in rice plants and rice grain was studied in rice farming area covered in Samchuk district, Suphanburi province. The situation and health effects related to pesticides was conducted using an individual interview and filled-form questionnaire with 126 samples. The participants were male of 68.3% and female of 31.7%. Educational level of participants was to be 36.5% and 24.6% for primary and elementary levels, respectively. One-third of farmers (33.3%) reported a monthly income in the range of 5,000 to 10,000 Baht. A quarter of farmers (25.4%) got higher a monthly income with 10,001 to 15,000 Baht. Family members was found to be 4 persons (54%), 5 persons (19.8%) and over 5 persons (11.1%). All participants concerned the behavior and perception related pesticides for their highly toxicities and extremely dangerously death. A half of herbicide (50%) was glyphosate. Seriously, paraquat (commercial name of Gramoxone) was found to be 22%. On the other hand, the most of insecticide (55%) was an abamectin and carbofuran (commercial name of Furadan) was found to be 15%. A 20 samples of rice plants and rice grain was collected by random sampling. The residual carbofuran and glyphosate in rice plants and rice grain was determined using standard method. It was found that carbofuran was found in the range of ND-0.05 μg/kg and ND-0.08 μg/kg for rice plants and rice grain, respectively. Glyphosate was found in the range of ND-0.26 μg/ kg and ND– 0 . 2 2 μg/ kg for rice plants and rice grain, respectively. The residual levels of carbofuran and glyphosate in rice plants and rice grain depended on a spray period time, their decomposition and the concentration of carbofuran and glyphosate. The residual levels of carbofuran and glyphosate did not significantly quantitative correlation between rice plants and rice grain.